Of the four types of place recovery facing America (disaster recovery, sprawl recovery, disinvestment recovery, and the recovery of community for those fleeing climate change), the recovery of places from serious disinvestment arguably gets the least press today, but is the recovery type most likely to bear fruit with reasonable effort. This is so for several reasons, beginning with the likelihood that many of the bones of sustainable place-making are still in place. Newly-built places, even if skillfully designed, often face charges of lack of authenticity, whereas places recovering from disinvestment abound with authentic scars from their decades of distress. And places with humble origins were usually built at smaller increments than once-wealthy places, so the tighter rhythms of such places are inherently more interesting than those of grander scale early in recovery.
There are several core reasons places fall from economic stability or never achieve it to begin with. There are geographic reasons, such as being located on the “wrong side of the tracks,” or on low-lying land along a working riverside. Racial and ethnic enclaves have long been susceptible to unfavorable forces from without that lead to decline. And then there are the primarily economic reasons, one of which is what this post addresses: the all-too-common narrative of the decline of a mill town after closure of the mill.
Rundown mill villages can be great candidate for revitalization because the mill company probably laid them out compactly & rationally, and with a mix of uses at the heart of the village. And worker housing of the 19th and early 20th Centuries tended to be modestly-scaled, making it more likely to be endearing for reasons noted later. The mill village of this post is Atlanta’s Cabbagetown, which had an unusually favorable [history](https://cabbagetown.com/history “_blank”). From the closure of the century-old mill in 1977, Cabbagetown had only about a decade of decline before an influx of artists began, so the great majority of the fabric survived, unlike many places with longer periods of decline. The patterns that follow begin with simple rules of thumb meant to aid recovery in ways that are true to the character of the place.

Retain the Old Paths

This railroad underpass is the main entrance to Cabbagetown from the north. It is a long industrial tunnel under several railroad tracks with walls chock-full of painted art. What a perfect entry for a recovering mill village! Such an entry should never be sanitized or rerouted. Authenticity like this cannot be replicated by a new build.

Embolden Homegrown Art

Anyone with an artistic inclination in a neighborhood recovering from disinvestment should be encouraged in their art or craft, even if it is as informal and unconventional as the elements in this image. Messy with heart is far better than clean and calm. Sanitizing is limiting; art, even the simplest folk art, makes many things seem possible, and in fact encourages others in their expressions.

Calm the Architecture

Why is it that authentic mill buildings like this one in Cabbagetown are extremely regular in their architecture, while architects trying to achieve the "industrial vibe" let their buildings wiggle all over the site? Most acts of recovery should consist mostly of the repair of existing buildings, but when new builds are required at a scale larger than a single home or shop, it is essential for the architects to have enough humility to build simply, and in a way respectful of the fabric that is already there.

Invite the City’s Artists

Each panel of the Cabbagetown mill’s boundary wall is repainted each year by Atlanta artists. For them, it's advertising for their talents; for Cabbagetown, it's perpetually-refreshed civic art. Everyone benefits from such an arrangement.

Champion Color

Badly disinvested places tend to be dull and drab; one of the earliest signs of recovery is color, because paint is cheap. Tactical Urbanists have long used color to great effect in the public realm; it works on buildings as well, such as on these storefront windows & doors.

Unleash the Unconventional

A bright pink house and a chain-link fence would never be accepted in a "precious" place, but in a recovering place, they fit right in because people are doing what they can afford in the moment. Yes, the fence will likely be replaced with pickets at some point, but for now this works. And in a place becoming known for artistic latitude, the house might remain pink for decades to come.

Embrace Small

Because both the houses and their lots in a mill village tend to be smaller, a recovering mill village has the advantages of both streetscapes and buildings that can be more appealing. Streets with narrow lots change your view more quickly as you walk, boosting Walk Appeal along the street. Buildings with small faces but relatively larger eyes (windows) are proportionally endearing like the faces of puppies, kittens, and children. Nature hardwires mammals to love their young in part by their facial and bodily proportions; cottages are fortunate to share this proportional hardwiring. I refer to this as the Teddy Bear Principle.

Celebrate Mail Carriers

Places recovering from long disinvestment are grandfathered in for door-to-door mail delivery, unlike newly-built places, where the US Postal Service requires cluster mailboxes for efficiency of delivery. Mail-carriers walking through older neighborhood streets throughout the day when most people are at work are sets of “eyes on the street” that make the place more secure.

Welcome Work

The surge of people working from home in the wake of the pandemic are a new source of eyes on the street, making a place recovering from disinvestment more secure not just because they're working in their home but also because they're likely to walk during the day to their daily needs in the neighborhood. While it is still unclear how permanent the current work-from-home situation will be for how many, recovering places with a longstanding mix of uses are far better-positioned to be viable work-from-home places than single-use residential subdivisions.

Commemorate Origins

A place should never forget its origin story, no matter how humble. In the case of Cabbagetown, it began as a mill village. It would be a crime against the community to ever take down the mill, or even the smokestack!

Images Matter

I can't think of a more iconic image of Cabbagetown than the mill house gable in the foreground with the mill chimney in the distance. A gable (and the attic) is an allegory of the mind, and of memory. Keeping the origins of Cabbagetown forever in mind.